MURPHY, C.J.
Defendant, State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, appealed by leave granted the trial court's order denying its motion for summary disposition. This case arose out of a hit-and-run accident that resulted in the death of William DeFrain, who had uninsured motorist (UIM) coverage through an insurance policy with State Farm. The dispute before us concerns Mr. DeFrain's failure to timely comply with a provision in the policy that required an insured to report an accident involving a hit-and-run motor vehicle to State Farm within 30 days. In Koski v. Allstate Ins. Co., 456 Mich. 439, 572 N.W.2d 636 (1998), our Supreme Court held that an insurer had to establish actual prejudice before it could be relieved from contractual liability under an insurance policy, when the insured had failed to timely comply with a notice provision contained in the policy that constituted a condition precedent to insurer liability. Because we conclude that Koski applies here, and because we agree with the trial court that State Farm failed to establish actual prejudice as a matter of law, we affirm the trial court's order denying State Farm's motion for summary disposition.
On May 31, 2008, Mr. DeFrain was a pedestrian when he was struck by a hit-and-run driver and sustained severe head injuries. He first notified State Farm of the accident on August 25, 2008. On November 11, 2008, Mr. DeFrain died as a result of his injuries. His State Farm policy had provided for UIM benefits.
We find it unnecessary to decide the issue whether the trial court erred by finding an ambiguity, because the trial court also ruled that "I don't really see any real prejudice here, so I am accordingly going to deny [State Farm's] motion for summary disposition and that's my decision." One of the arguments on appeal proffered by plaintiff in support of affirming the trial court's denial of State Farm's motion for summary disposition is that
In Jackson v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 472 Mich. 942, 698 N.W.2d 400 (2005), our Supreme Court, in lieu of granting leave to appeal, vacated a judgment entered by this Court and reinstated an order of summary dismissal entered by the trial court "for the reasons stated in the Court of Appeals dissent." As revealed in this Court's opinion in Jackson, the injured insured failed to comply with a similar 30-day notice provision with respect to a claim for UIM benefits after being injured in a hit-and-run accident. Jackson v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., unpublished opinion per curiam of the Court of Appeals, issued October 5, 2004 (Docket No. 246388), 2004 WL 2239502. The majority found the existence of an ambiguity in the policy and held that the trial court erred by granting State Farm's motion for summary disposition. Id. at 1. In light of its holding, the Court found it unnecessary to address the plaintiff's argument that the notice provision was enforceable only if State Farm could prove prejudice. Id. at 4. The dissent, however, addressed the prejudice issue and rejected the argument that prejudice had to be established. The dissent found that Wendel v. Swanberg, 384 Mich. 468, 185 N.W.2d 348 (1971), which was cited by the plaintiff in support of the prejudice argument, was "distinguishable on the basis that it d[id] not involve a condition precedent to the filing of an action against an insurer, but, rather, when reasonable notice of a pending lawsuit is given to the insurance carrier." Jackson, unpub. op. at 4 (GRIFFEN, J., dissenting). The dissent also stated that "the present case d[id] not involve any statutory obligations; instead, it entail[ed] a matter of contractual interpretation." Id.
We initially note that "because uninsured motorist benefits are not required by statute, interpretation of the policy dictates under what circumstances those benefits will be awarded." Rohlman v. Hawkeye-Security Ins. Co., 442 Mich. 520, 525, 502 N.W.2d 310 (1993). Here, on the prejudice issue, plaintiff also cites Wendel, which was distinguished and rejected in the Jackson dissent adopted by the Supreme Court. However, plaintiff also cites Koski, 456 Mich. 439, 572 N.W.2d 636, which concerned the interpretation and application of a homeowner's insurance policy. Under the policy, in the event of an accident or claim, the insured was required to immediately forward to Allstate any legal papers received by the insured concerning the accident or claim (the notice-of-suit provision). The Court stated, "plaintiff's duty to immediately forward any legal papers relating to a claim is a condition precedent to Allstate's liability under [the] policy." Id. at 444, 572 N.W.2d 636 (emphasis added). Thus, the two grounds cited by the dissent in Jackson for distinguishing Wendel and rejecting application of a prejudice requirement, i.e., the 30-day hit-and-run notice provision was a condition precedent to liability and the provision entailed a matter of contractual interpretation and not statutory obligations, were both present in Koski, i.e., the notice-of-suit provision was a condition precedent to liability and the provision entailed a matter of contractual interpretation and not statutory obligations. Therefore, Jackson squarely stands in direct conflict with Koski. The Koski Court ruled that "it is a well-established principle that an insurer who seeks to cut off responsibility on the ground that its insured did not comply with a contract provision requiring notice immediately or within a
The 30-day notice provision here did not require notice immediately or within a reasonable time, but there is no reason why the actual-prejudice requirement from Koski would not apply because of that distinction. The well-established prejudice principle from Koski is offended and essentially discarded by not applying it in the case at bar, and Koski is a fully developed and reasoned opinion on the subject of prejudice in the context of insurance law, whereas the Supreme Court's order in Jackson is merely a cursory order. The proposition that we should give more weight to a Supreme Court opinion than to a Supreme Court order, aside from being self-evident, is reflected in how the Supreme Court itself has at times treated its own orders. For example, in Mullins v. St. Joseph Mercy Hosp., 271 Mich.App. 503, 506, 722 N.W.2d 666 (2006), rev'd 480 Mich. 948, 741 N.W.2d 300 (2007), this Court ruled that a prior Supreme Court opinion had to be applied retroactively where "the Michigan Supreme Court ha[d] plainly and unambiguously expressed its intent that the decision ... applie[d] retroactively" in three consecutive orders. However, the Supreme Court reversed this Court's ruling, holding that its earlier opinion was not fully retroactive despite the fact that it had issued three orders commanding retroactive application, and the Court did not even bother to discuss stare decisis in ignoring and essentially overruling its prior orders. 480 Mich. 948, 741 N.W.2d 300.
Finally, we note this Court's decision in Bradley v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 290 Mich.App. 156, ___ N.W.2d ___ (2010), wherein we applied the Koski prejudice requirement when the plaintiff failed to join State Farm and the tortfeasors in a suit as required by the UIM benefits provision of the insurance policy. We held that "because defendant suffered no prejudice from the failure to join, defendant should not be relieved of liability to provide uninsured-motorist benefits to plaintiff, who had paid premiums for that coverage." Id. at 160, ___ N.W.2d ___. The Bradley panel also discussed Rory v. Continental Ins. Co., 473 Mich. 457, 461, 703 N.W.2d 23 (2005), in which the Supreme Court held that an unambiguous provision in a UIM policy must be enforced as written regardless of the equities and the provision's reasonableness. The majority opinion in Bradley stated that "Koski carved out a narrow prejudice requirement relative to all insurance contracts, and Rory did not overrule the Supreme Court's earlier ruling in Koski, which we find controlling." Bradley, 290 Mich.App. at 161. The Court, id. at 161 n. 1, ___ N.W.2d ___, further observed:
In sum, we hold that, regardless of the order in Jackson, Koski demands that we
Affirmed. Plaintiff, as the prevailing party, is awarded costs pursuant to MCR 7.219.